Chapter 5
Chapter 5 - Organizing: Organization Design and Culture
A summary of
the key concepts in the chapter
The Big 5
Personality Traits, OCEAN, April 5,
2021 (13:04)
“In this
video, we'll begin our discussion of personality by reviewing one of the most
widely-used and best approaches to categorizing and conceptualizing people's
personalities: the Big 5 (OCEAN). After reviewing the Big 5 Personality Traits,
we'll touch on how personality changes over the lifespan as well as cultural
differences in personality.”
Voices of
Baruch: A Conversation with Provost Linda Essig on Arts, January 18, 2022 (4:07)
A brief
conversation with Linda Essig about her new book Creative Infrastructures:
Art, Money and Entrepreneurial Action
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Types of
Organizational Structures, January 14,
2019 (4:00)
“Grouping
employees and tasks in an organization has a significant impact on
organizational behavior and employees. An organizational structure defines how
activities such as task allocation, coordination and supervision are directed
toward the achievement of organizational aims.”
Organizational
Design and Structure, November
17, 2019 (17:35)
A more
detailed summary of the basic concepts of organizational design
“Designing
and redesigning the organization in response to internal and external changes
is a key managerial function. Organizational design is the process of selecting
and managing aspects of organizational structure and culture to enable the
organization to achieve its goals. One of the most important outcomes of
organizational design is organizational structure, or the formal system of
task, power, and reporting relationships.”
Henry
Mintzberg and Organizational Structure,
October 31, 2016 (4:53)
A
quick overview of Mintzberg’s approach to organization design.
Organizational
Structure: Mintzberg, July 25, 2018 (7:20)
Provides a more
detailed examination of Mintzberg’s ideas on organizational design summarized
by the Micro Learning Institute. See Box 5.2 in Management and the Arts 6e for
another link to a video on Mintzberg’s organizational scheme.
CREATING ORGANIZATIONAL CHARTS IN WORD, EXCEL, AND POWERPOINT
Creating Org Charts in Excel: In
addition to a short how-to video on creating and org chart, there are various
templates may be downloaded at this site. (2:42)
How to Create
an Organizational Chart Linked to Data in Excel, February 20, 2020 (8:52)
This
video offers a more useful approach to creating org charts in Excel using a
free Visio add-on that allows you to have your org chart easily updateable. The
standard charts in Excel are static and require work to update. The video also
shows you to create flow charts.
Creating an Org Chart in PowerPoint: In addition to a short how-to video on creating an org chart,
there are various templates that may be downloaded at this site. (2:40)
Creating an Org Chart in PowerPoint: In addition to a short how-to video on creating an org chart,
there are various templates that may be downloaded at this site. (2:40)
Creating Org Charts in Visio 2016: November
16, 2017 (14:39)
Part
one of three on using Visio 2016. Visio is not part of the Office 365
subscription. It can be purchased for around $280 or by a monthly subscription.
You can try it for 30 days for free.
How to use
Microsoft Visio, November 4, 2020 (14:50)
“In this
step-by-step tutorial, learn how to get and use Microsoft Visio. Visio is a
diagramming app that you can use to create flow charts, network diagrams, floor
plans, and much more.”
ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND STRUCTURE
What Is
Culture? Organizational Culture, May
10, 2017 (10:54)
“Organizational
culture from Edgar Schein's 1991 article, "What is Culture?" His
model of organizational culture looks at, among other things, levels of culture
including artifacts, values, and underlying assumptions.”
Frederic
Laloux on Soulful Organisations, February 24, 2015 (7:06)
“The
way we manage organisations seems increasingly out of date. Survey after survey
shows that the vast majority of employees are disengaged at work, while
organisational leaders complain that their organisations are too slow, siloed,
and bureaucratic for today's world. In this excerpt from the event, Frederic
Laloux discusses the historical evolution of management thinking, and shares
how extraordinary pioneering organisations in very different sectors are
already operating from the next stage of management.”
Free Bonus Content by Frederic Laloux
Dig
in much deeper at this topic by viewing a series of videos Laloux made about
topics related to his book. There is no paywall. There are over 20 hours of
content to peruse.
Holacracy: A
Radical New Approach to Management, Brian
Robertson, July 2, 2015 (18:20) TEDx. “In his engaging talk, Brian Robertson
explains Holacracy, a complete system for structuring a company without a
management hierarchy, yet with clear accountability, authority and agility.”
ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE THEORIES
Kurt Lewin
(1890-1947) The “father of social psychology,” April 11, 2018 (6:13)
Field Theory and
Action Research. Note: The formula shown at 1:51 in the presentation should be expressed
as B = f(P, E), Behavior is a function of the Person and their
Environment.
John Kotter’s
8 Step Change Model Presentation, August 30,
2017 (11:42)
A
short summary of each of the steps needed to effect organizational change.
CREATING ORGANIZATION CHARTS
How to Build an Org Chart in Google Sheets – (No audio,
but still helpful), October 30, 2019 (2:42)
Create a flowchart in Google Docs & Drive, August 18, 2015 (2:51)
Organizing:
Personal Perspectives
The
Personality Lab – A range of tests are available at http://www.personalitylab.org/
Five-Factor
Model Test, http://www.personalitylab.org/tests/bfi2_self_pol.htm
Psychology
Today – Organizational Skills Test (Personal Life Version)
[Note: For
a fee, you can access the detailed test results online.]
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/tests/personality/organization-skills-test-personal-life-version
The
Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory – Online quiz (free)
http://www.thetimeparadox.com/zimbardo-time-perspective-inventory/
How to Be
More Organized – MindTools.com (14-minute read)
Business and Corporate Structures
U.S. Small
Business Administration Learning Center Dashboard
Videos and
links to starting up a business
https://learn.sba.gov/dashboard
National
Council of Nonprofits “How to Start a Nonprofit”
Resources and
guidance about starting a nonprofit organization
https://www.councilofnonprofits.org/tools-resources/how-start-nonprofit
National
Assembly of State Arts Agencies
This resource
can help you connect with state and local arts agencies and their resources for
starting and operating an arts organization
https://nasaa-arts.org/state-arts-agencies/
U.S. Internal Revenue Service
https://www.irs.gov/charities-and-nonprofits (2022)
Differences between NGOs and NPOs
https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-ngo-and-npo.html (2017)
Entrepreneurship
Network
for Teaching Entrepreneurship (NFTE)
“Network
for Teaching Entrepreneurship is a global educational nonprofit focused on
bringing the power of entrepreneurship to youth in low-income communities.
NFTE’s rigorous programs are taught by a highly trained Teacher Corps, and NFTE
students are supported by a diverse Volunteer Corps drawn from the local
community, including business leaders and entrepreneurs. Since its founding
more than 30 years ago, NFTE has trained thousands of teachers and educated
more than a million young people worldwide.”
American Arts Incubator
https://americanartsincubator.org/about/
Arts Business Incubator – New York Foundation for the Arts
https://www.nyfa.org/business-of-art
Americans for
the Arts – ArtsU
This
information hub contains numerous training resources for artists and managers
https://artsu.americansforthearts.org/
Arizona State University: Herberger Institute Resources for Community
Members
The institute brings design and the arts into the community and invites
community members to experience the arts through a variety of programs,
workshops, classes, and events.
https://herbergerinstitute.asu.edu/resources/community-members
European Education and Culture Executive Agency Creative Europe
A resource center for applying for grants. The Pilot Projects and
Preparatory Actions (PPPAs) grants are for “experimental initiatives designed
to test the feasibility of new actions and prepare new programmes.”
https://www.eacea.ec.europa.eu/index_en
European
Creative Hubs Network
The European
Creative Hubs Network is a peer-led network with a mission to enhance the
creative, economic, and social impact of hubs around Europe and neighboring
countries. As focal points for creative professionals and businesses, hubs
offer the most effective way to support the growth and development of cultural
and creative industries.
“Experiments
with Holacracy: Why we stopped doing it, and what we learned along the way” by Michiel van Gerven, April 2019
“My colleague
Minke’s recent article ‘Getting started as an employee experience chief’
triggered some questions about why we at Organize Agile abandoned Holacracy.
It’s not an easy question to answer and while I have my own thoughts on the
subject I also asked my coworkers to offer their opinions. This article will
offer some insights from our journey, what Holacracy did (and didn’t do) for
us, and some recommendations should you want to start your own Holacracy
experiment.”
Organize
Agile
This company
is in Utrecht and has developed multiple approaches to organizational change.
Other Org Chart Software
https://pingboard.com/ (Offers free version or a fee-based system)
https://www.lucidchart.com/pages/ (Limited free version or a personal monthly fee-based plan)
https://www.capterra.com/org-chart-software/
(Capterra link to dozens of org chart products)
Organizational Culture and Change
Pressbooks – Open Source textbooks, Organizational Behavior, Chapter
12.4 Creating and Maintaining Organizational Culture by Leah Sheppard -
licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0
International License, except where otherwise noted.
“How Are
Cultures Created?
Where do
cultures come from? Understanding this question is important so that you know
how they can be changed.”
This link to
the Management Study Guide website focuses on “Edgar Schein Model of
Organization Culture.” In 15 short chapters it will give you a more detailed
explanation of Schein’s theory of organizational culture.
https://www.managementstudyguide.com/edgar-schein-model.htm
Create REAL
Workplace Culture Change With a Systemic Approach to Equity, Diversity &
Inclusion – Center for Creative Leadership
(October 2021). The Center’s mission statement is “We believe that leadership
is the critical lever for igniting positive, transformative, and sustainable
change, at a time when the world requires new thinking and vision to solve both
local and global challenges.”
The
Possibility Spectrum: Increasing Diversity & Inclusion in Arts
Organizations
Dr. M.
Crystal Yingling, Intiman Theatre, USA (2020)
“Data and
analysis from five years of case studies on Intiman Theatre’s programming reveal
practical actions organizations can take to improve diversity and increase
inclusion. Through research the author outlines a 12-step plan in three phases,
awaken, broaden, and commit, enabling organizations to access their Possibility
Spectrum.”
https://www.encatc.org/media/5747-issue1_04_m.-crystal-yingling.pdf
EUROPEAN
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL MANAGEMENT & POLICY, Vol. 10, Issue 1, 2020, ISSN
2663-5771